Tonga

Tonga is an archipelago located in the South Pacific Ocean, about two-thirds of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand, with mostly flat islands formed from uplifted coral limestone. The climate is tropical, modified by trade winds, with a warm season from December to May and a cool season from May to December. Nukualofa serves as the capital, and Tonga has a population of approximately 104,519 people who primarily speak Tongan.

Tonga has an upper middle-income Pacific island economy with an enormous diaspora that contributes significant remittances, and key sectors include tourism, construction, and fishing. The country’s natural resources are limited to arable land and fish. Tonga is a major fish exporter and has seen rapidly growing Chinese infrastructure investments, though it is also facing challenges as a rising methamphetamine hub.