Swaziland

Eswatini is a landlocked country located in Southern Africa, bordered by South Africa and Mozambique, covering an area of approximately 17,364 square kilometers. As of 2025, Eswatini has a population of over 1.2 million, with Swazi and English as official languages. The country features diverse terrain including mountains, plateaus, and savanna plains, experiencing a subtropical climate with seasonal rainfall. Mbabane serves as the administrative capital.

Eswatini operates as an absolute monarchy, one of the few remaining in Africa. The economy is primarily based on agriculture, with sugarcane being the main export crop alongside cotton, citrus fruits, and forestry products. The country also has significant coal and timber reserves, and manufacturing focuses on sugar processing and textiles. Eswatini faces challenges including high poverty rates, HIV prevalence, and limited economic diversification. The country relies heavily on South Africa for trade and employment and participates in the Southern African Customs Union.