Rwanda

Rwanda is a country located in Central Africa, east of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and north of Burundi, covering an area of approximately 26,338 square kilometers. As of 2024, Rwanda has a population of about 13.62 million, with Kinyarwanda, French, English, and Swahili as official languages. The country is mostly grassy uplands and hills with mountainous relief declining from west to east, featuring a temperate climate with two rainy seasons and mild temperatures in the mountains. Kigali serves as the capital, and the government operates as a presidential republic.

Rwanda has a low-income Sub-Saharan economy with a GDP of $14.25 billion and a GDP per capita of $3,300, driven by cement, agricultural products, small-scale beverages, soap, furniture, shoes, plastic goods, textiles, and cigarettes. Key agricultural products include bananas, cassava, sweet potatoes, plantains, potatoes, maize, beans, pumpkins and squash, taro, and sorghum, while natural resources include gold, cassiterite, wolframite, methane, hydropower, and arable land. The unemployment rate is 11.4% as of 2025, with a life expectancy of 68 years and a literacy rate of 78.8%. Rwanda is investing in major infrastructure projects including the Bugesera Airport, though it faces challenges of lack of economic diversification, high inflation, and a wide current account deficit.