Portugal

Portugal is a country located in Southwestern Europe bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, west of Spain, covering an area of approximately 92,090 square kilometers. As of 2025, Portugal has a population of about 10.19 million, with Portuguese as the official language alongside Mirandese. The Tagus River divides the country, with the north being mountainous toward the interior and the south characterized by rolling plains, featuring a maritime temperate climate that is cool and rainy in the north and warmer and drier in the south. Lisbon serves as the capital, and the government operates as a semi-presidential republic.

Portugal has a high-income EU and eurozone economy with a GDP of $308.68 billion and a GDP per capita of $41,900, driven by textiles, clothing, footwear, wood and cork, paper and pulp, chemicals, automobiles and auto parts, base metals, minerals, porcelain and ceramics, glassware, technology, telecommunications, tourism, and financial services. Key agricultural products include milk, tomatoes, olives, grapes, maize, pork, potatoes, chicken, apples, and oranges, while natural resources include fish, forests, iron ore, copper, zinc, tin, tungsten, silver, gold, uranium, marble, clay, gypsum, salt, arable land, and hydropower. The unemployment rate is 6.2% as of 2025, with a life expectancy of 82.4 years. Portugal has a strong services sector led by tourism and banking, with a tight labor market and declining public debt.