Nigeria

Nigeria is a country located in Western Africa bordering the Gulf of Guinea, between Benin and Cameroon, covering an area of approximately 923,768 square kilometers. As of 2025, Nigeria has a population of about 244.34 million, making it the most populous country in Africa, with English as the official language alongside Hausa, Yoruba, Igbo, Fulani, and over 500 additional indigenous languages. The country features southern lowlands merging into central hills and plateaus with mountains in the southeast and plains in the north, and a climate that varies from equatorial in the south to tropical in the center and arid in the north. Abuja serves as the capital, and the government operates as a federal presidential republic.

Nigeria has a lower-middle-income economy with a GDP of $187.76 billion and a GDP per capita of $5,700, driven by crude oil, coal, tin, columbite, rubber products, wood, hides and skins, textiles, cement, food products, footwear, chemicals, fertilizer, printing, ceramics, and steel. Natural resources include natural gas, petroleum, tin, iron ore, coal, limestone, niobium, lead, zinc, and arable land. The unemployment rate is 5.1% as of 2024, with a life expectancy of 54.6 years and a literacy rate of 63.2%. Nigeria is Africa’s largest economy and a major oil exporter with key telecommunications and finance industries, though it is susceptible to global energy price shocks and employs a primarily agrarian workforce.