Indonesia

Indonesia is a country located in Southeastern Asia, an archipelago between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean, covering an area of approximately 1.9 million square kilometers across over 13,000 islands. As of 2025, Indonesia has a population of over 283 million, making it the fourth most populous country in the world, with Bahasa Indonesia as the official language alongside over 700 local languages. The country features mostly coastal lowlands with interior mountains on larger islands, experiencing a tropical climate that is hot and humid with more moderate temperatures in the highlands. Jakarta serves as the capital, and the government operates as a presidential republic.

Indonesia has the largest economy in Southeast Asia with a GDP of $1.4 trillion and a GDP per capita of $14,500, driven by petroleum and natural gas, textiles, automotive manufacturing, electrical appliances, mining, and tourism. Key agricultural products include oil palm fruit, rice, sugarcane, maize, and coconuts, while the country is a major global exporter of palm oil, rubber, and coffee. The unemployment rate is 3.2% as of 2025, with a literacy rate of 96% and life expectancy of 71.3 years. Indonesia continues to invest in infrastructure projects, relocate its capital to Nusantara, and pursue green economy goals while managing its diverse archipelago economy.