Gibraltar

Gibraltar is a British Overseas Territory located in Southwestern Europe, bordering the Strait of Gibraltar on the southern coast of Spain, covering an area of just 7 square kilometers. As of 2025, Gibraltar has a population of approximately 29,700, with English used in schools and for official purposes, alongside Spanish, Italian, and Portuguese. The territory features a narrow coastal lowland bordering the iconic Rock of Gibraltar, with a Mediterranean climate of mild winters and warm summers. Gibraltar serves as both the capital and the main city, operating as a self-governing overseas territory of the United Kingdom with a parliamentary democracy.

Gibraltar has a high-income economy driven primarily by financial services, shipping, maritime trade, and tourism, with a GDP of $2.04 billion. The territory has established itself as a key financial center and port of call in the Mediterranean, though it experienced significant economic disruption from Brexit. Gibraltar maintains its own currency, the Gibraltar pound, which is pegged to the British pound sterling. The territory has limited natural resources but leverages its strategic location at the entrance to the Mediterranean Sea. Ongoing negotiations to rejoin the EU Schengen Area continue to shape Gibraltar’s post-Brexit economic future.