Ghana

Ghana is a country located in Western Africa along the Gulf of Guinea, between Cote d’Ivoire and Togo, covering an area of approximately 238,533 square kilometers. As of 2025, Ghana has a population of over 35.3 million, with English as the official language and major local languages including Asante, Ewe, and Fante. The country features mostly low plains with a dissected plateau in the south-central area, experiencing a tropical climate that is warm and comparatively dry along the southeast coast, hot and humid in the southwest, and hot and dry in the north. Accra serves as the capital, and the government operates as a presidential republic.

Ghana’s economy is lower-middle-income and ranks as one of West Africa’s most stable, with a GDP of $82.83 billion and a GDP per capita of $7,100, driven by mining, lumbering, light manufacturing, aluminum smelting, food processing, and petroleum. The country is a major global exporter of gold, oil, and cocoa beans, with key agricultural products including cassava, yams, plantains, maize, and cocoa. Natural resources are abundant, including gold, timber, industrial diamonds, bauxite, manganese, and hydropower potential. Despite progress, 23.4% of the population lives below the poverty line, and Ghana continues to pursue fiscal reforms and debt restructuring under an IMF program following nearly four decades of sustained economic growth.