Cuba

Cuba is an island country located in the Caribbean Sea, south of the United States and east of Mexico, covering an area of approximately 109,884 square kilometers. As of 2025, Cuba has a population of over 11 million, with Spanish as the official language. The country features diverse terrain including rolling hills, fertile valleys, and beautiful beaches, with a tropical climate moderated by trade winds. Havana serves as the capital.

Cuba operates under a socialist system with a state-dominated economy, though recent reforms have allowed limited private enterprise. Key industries include tourism, medical services, biotechnology, and agricultural products such as sugar, tobacco, and citrus. Cuba is renowned for its cigars, rum, music, and vintage cars. The country faces significant economic challenges due to the longstanding US embargo, limited market access, and inefficient state enterprises. Despite these challenges, Cuba maintains high literacy rates and a well-regarded healthcare system.