Central African Republic

Africa
Bangui

Population

5.75M

Area

622,984 km²

GDP

$2.75B

GDP Per Capita

$1,100

Quick FAQs

Region

Africa

Capital

Bangui

ISO 3166

cf

Government Type

presidential republic

Language

French (official), Sangho (lingua franca and Learn more

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About Central African Republic

Central African Republic is a landlocked country located in Central Africa, bordered by Chad, Sudan, South Sudan, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, and Cameroon, covering an area of approximately 622,984 square kilometers. As of 2025, the Central African Republic has a population of over 5.5 million, with French and Sango as official languages. The country features mostly flat to rolling terrain with some hills in the northeast, experiencing a tropical climate. Bangui serves as the capital.

The Central African Republic is one of the poorest countries in the world despite significant natural resources including diamonds, gold, uranium, and timber. The economy is primarily agricultural, with cassava, cotton, and coffee as key products. Decades of political instability, conflict, and weak governance have severely hindered development and investment. The country receives substantial international humanitarian assistance and peacekeeping support, while efforts continue to build stability and economic recovery.

Geography & Environment

Geographic Location

Central Africa, north of Democratic Republic of the Congo

Geographic Coordinate

7 00 N, 21 00 E

Geographic Area

622,984 km²

Climate

tropical; hot, dry winters; mild to hot, wet summers

Terrain

vast, flat to rolling plateau; scattered hills in northeast and southwest

Natural Hazards

hot, dry, dusty harmattan winds affect northern areas; floods are common

Natural Resources

diamonds, uranium, timber, gold, oil, hydropower

Geography Note

landlocked; almost the precise center of Africa

People & Society

Ave. Life Expentancy at Birth

57.7 years

Urbanization

43.60%

Population Growth Rate

1.74% (2025 est.)

Literacy Rate

N/A

Health Expendeture

5.2% of GDP (2021)

Education Expenditure

N/A

Languages

French (official), Sangho (lingua franca and national language), tribal languages

Religions

Roman Catholic 34.6%, Protestant 15.7%, other Christian 22.9%, Muslim 13.8%, ethnic religionist 12%, Baha'i 0.2%, agnostic/atheist 0.7% (2020 est.)

Government

Country Name

conventional long form

Central African Republic

conventional short form

none

local long form

République centrafricaine

local short form

none

former

Ubangi-Shari, Central African Empire

abbreviation

CAR

etymology

self-descriptive name specifying the country's location on the continent; "Africa" is derived from the Roman designation of the area corresponding to present-day Tunisia, "Africa terra," which meant "Land of the Afri" (the tribe resident in that area), but which eventually came to mean the entire continent

Economy

Economic Overview

enormous natural resources; extreme poverty; weak public institutions and infrastructure; political and gender-based violence have led to displacement of roughly 25% of population; Bangui-Douala corridor blockade reduced activity and tax collection; strong agricultural performance offset COVID-19 downturn

GDP Per Capita

$1,100

Unemployment Rate

1.1% (2025 est.)

Population Below Poverty Line

68.8% (2021 est.)

Industries

gold and diamond mining, logging, brewing, sugar refining

Agricultural Products

cassava, groundnuts, yams, coffee, maize, sesame seeds, taro, sugarcane, beef, milk (2023)

Location

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