Cameroon

Africa
Yaounde

Population

31.52M

Area

475,440 km²

GDP

$51.33B

GDP Per Capita

$4,900

Quick FAQs

Region

Africa

Capital

Yaounde

ISO 3166

cm

Government Type

presidential republic

Language

24 major African language groups, English Learn more

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About Cameroon

Cameroon is a country located in Central Africa, bordered by Nigeria, Chad, Central African Republic, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, and the Atlantic Ocean, covering an area of approximately 475,442 square kilometers. As of 2025, Cameroon has a population of over 29 million, with French and English as official languages. The country features diverse geography including coastal plains, plateaus, mountains, and savanna, earning it the nickname Africa in Miniature. Yaounde serves as the capital.

Cameroon has a relatively diversified economy for the region, with key sectors including oil and gas, agriculture, mining, and timber. Major agricultural exports include cocoa, coffee, cotton, and bananas, while the country also produces aluminum and crude oil. Despite its potential, Cameroon faces challenges including infrastructure gaps, corruption, and security threats from Boko Haram in the north and separatist tensions in the Anglophone regions. The country continues to develop its infrastructure and natural resources while managing these complex challenges.

Geography & Environment

Geographic Location

Central Africa, bordering the Bight of Biafra, between Equatorial Guinea and Nigeria

Geographic Coordinate

6 00 N, 12 00 E

Geographic Area

475,440 km²

Climate

varies with terrain, from tropical along coast to semiarid and hot in north

Terrain

diverse, with coastal plain in southwest, dissected plateau in center, mountains in west, plains in north

Natural Hazards

N/A

Natural Resources

petroleum, bauxite, iron ore, timber, hydropower

Geography Note

sometimes referred to as the hinge of Africa because of its central location on the continent and its position at the west-south juncture of the Gulf of Guinea; areas of thermal springs and indications of current or prior volcanic activity; Mount Cameroon, the highest mountain in Sub-Saharan west Africa, is an active volcano

People & Society

Ave. Life Expentancy at Birth

64.0 years

Urbanization

59.30%

Population Growth Rate

2.37% (2025 est.)

Literacy Rate

71.9% (2021 est.)

Health Expendeture

11.2% of GDP (2022)

Education Expenditure

2.2% of GDP (2023 est.)

Languages

24 major African language groups, English (official), French (official)

Religions

Roman Catholic 33.1%, Muslim 30.6%, Protestant 27.1% other Christian 6.1%, animist 1.3%, other 0.7%, none 1.2% (2022 est.)

Government

Country Name

conventional long form

Republic of Cameroon

conventional short form

Cameroon

local long form

République du Cameroun (French)/Republic of Cameroon (English)

local short form

Cameroun/Cameroon

former

Kamerun, French Cameroon, British Cameroon, Federal Republic of Cameroon, United Republic of Cameroon

etymology

in the 16th century, Portuguese explorers named an estuary near the mouth of the Wouri River the Rio dos Camaroes (River of Prawns) after the abundant shrimp in the water; the name Camaroes evolved into "Cameroon"

Economy

Economic Overview

largest CEMAC economy with many natural resources; recent political instability and terrorism reducing economic output; systemic corruption; poor property rights enforcement; increasing poverty in northern regions

GDP Per Capita

$4,900

Unemployment Rate

6.9% (2025 est.)

Population Below Poverty Line

N/A

Industries

petroleum production and refining, aluminum production, food processing, light consumer goods, textiles, lumber, ship repair

Agricultural Products

cassava, plantains, oil palm fruit, maize, taro, tomatoes, sorghum, sugarcane, bananas, vegetables (2023)

Location

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