Burundi

Burundi is a landlocked country located in East Africa, bordered by Rwanda, Tanzania, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo, covering an area of approximately 27,830 square kilometers. As of 2025, Burundi has a population of over 13 million, with Kirundi, French, and English as official languages. The country features mostly hilly and mountainous terrain, with the Great Rift Valley running through its western region, experiencing a tropical climate moderated by altitude. Gitega serves as the capital.

Burundi is one of the poorest countries in the world, with an economy dominated by subsistence agriculture, coffee, and tea exports. The country faces severe challenges including political instability, limited infrastructure, high population density, and food insecurity. Despite these difficulties, Burundi has potential in mineral resources including nickel and gold, and continues to receive international development assistance. The population faces significant health challenges with low life expectancy and high rates of malnutrition and infectious diseases.