Armenia

Armenia is a landlocked country located in Southwestern Asia, between Turkey and Azerbaijan, covering an area of approximately 29,743 square kilometers. As of 2025, Armenia has a population of nearly 2.96 million, with Armenian as the official language spoken by 97.2% of residents. The country features the Armenian Highland with mountains, fast-flowing rivers, and fertile soil in the Aras River valley, experiencing a highland continental climate with hot summers and cold winters. Yerevan serves as the capital, and the government operates as a parliamentary democracy.

Armenia has an upper-middle-income economy with a GDP of approximately $25.79 billion and a GDP per capita of $20,100. The economy is driven by brandy production, mining, diamond processing, technology, and food processing, with key agricultural products including milk, potatoes, grapes, and wheat. The population enjoys near-universal literacy at 99.8%, though the unemployment rate stands at 13.4%. Armenia maintains strong economic and energy ties with Russia while seeking expanded trade with the EU and US, and continues to implement business-friendly and anti-corruption reforms despite persistent unemployment and geopolitical vulnerabilities.