Argentina

Argentina is a country located in Southern South America along the South Atlantic Ocean, between Chile and Uruguay, covering an area of approximately 2.78 million square kilometers. As of 2025, Argentina has a population of over 45.4 million, with Spanish as the official language alongside Italian, English, German, and indigenous languages. The country features rich plains of the Pampas in the north, the Patagonian plateau in the south, and the rugged Andes along the western border. Buenos Aires serves as the capital, and the government operates as a presidential republic.

Argentina boasts a large and diversified economy with a GDP of $633.27 billion and a GDP per capita of $26,500. Key industries include food processing, motor vehicles, chemicals, steel, and textiles, while agricultural exports focus on maize, soybeans, wheat, and beef. The population enjoys high literacy at 99.1% and a life expectancy of 77.5 years, though the country faces economic challenges including rapid inflation, debt obligations, and reduced investor confidence. As a G20 member and OAS leader, Argentina continues to navigate its resource-rich economy through complex financial and political dynamics.