Algeria

Algeria is the largest country in Africa, located in Northern Africa along the Mediterranean Sea, covering an area of approximately 2.38 million square kilometers. As of 2025, Algeria has a population of over 47.7 million, with Arabic, French, and Tamazight serving as official languages. The country’s landscape features a narrow coastal plain, the Atlas Mountains, and vast desert expanses that comprise about 80% of its territory. Algiers serves as the capital, and the government operates as a presidential republic.

Algeria’s economy is heavily dependent on hydrocarbons, with petroleum and natural gas dominating the industrial sector and contributing significantly to the GDP of $263.62 billion. The GDP per capita stands at $15,400, while the unemployment rate is 11.6% as of 2025. Key agricultural products include potatoes, watermelons, wheat, and dates, while the country also holds substantial reserves of iron ore, phosphates, and uranium. Despite its resource wealth, Algeria faces economic challenges including lack of diversification, political instability affecting domestic consumption, and delayed socio-economic reforms.